اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

تحلیل پیشران‌های کلیدی اثرگذاری گردشگری خلاق بر توسعه کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان دامغان)

نوع مقاله : پایان‌نامه/رساله

نویسندگان
گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف: گردشگری خلاق به عنوان جزئی از صنعت عظیم گردشگری می‌تواند نقش عمده‌ای در توانمندسازی مردم محلی و تنوع‌بخشی به رشد اقتصادی و هم‌چنین خلق فرصت‌های شغلی جدید در فضاهای روستایی در ارتباط با کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی و سایر بخش‌های اقتصادی ایفا کند؛ از همین رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی عوامل کلیدی و پیشران‌های اثرگذار گردشگری خلاق بر توسعه کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی انجام شده است.
روش پژوهش: روش پژوهش بر اساس هدف از نوع کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت، توصیفی – تحلیلی با رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی است روش جمع‌آوری اطلاعات به روش اسنادی (کتابخانه‌ای، مجلات علمی) و میدانی (پرسشنامه) بوده است. جهت استخراج پیشران‌های کلیدی پرسشنامه در پنج بعد شامل اجتماعی- فرهنگی، اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی، کالبدی و نهادی- سازمانی تهیه و در بین اعضای جامعه نمونه توزیع و تکمیل گردید جامعه نمونه این پژوهش را 25 نفر از کارشناسان و متخصصان تشکیل می‌دهد. جهت اعتباربخشی، روایی و پایایی پرسشنامه از نظرات اساتید دانشگاه استفاده گردید. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها و تحلیل ساختاری تأثیرگذاری هر یک از شاخص‌های مؤثر بر امنیت غذایی از نرم‌افزار (MICMAC) استفاده‌شده است.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داده است که در بین 91 عامل مورد بررسی در پنج بعد 20 عامل کلیدی شامل تقویت همکاری‌های بین‌نسلی (39)، آگاهی عمومی از ارزش‌های فرهنگی و اجتماعی (38)، ایجاد حس هویت و افتخار محلی (36)، احیای هنرها و صنایع‌دستی (35)، کاهش وابستگی اقتصادی به کشاورزی (49)، ایجاد فرصت‌های جدید صادراتی (49)، تقویت بازارهای محلی (48)، افزایش اشتغال زنان (47)، آگاهی زیست‌محیطی گردشگران (48)، تشویق کسب‌وکارهای سبز (47)، احیای گونه‌های بومی (46)، توسعه کشاورزی پایدار (44)، ایجاد کمپینگ‌های طبیعی (49)، توسعه مراکز فرهنگی–گردشگری (48)، بهبود حمل‌ونقل عمومی (47)، ایجاد مراکز اطلاعات گردشگری (41)، ایجاد بانک اطلاعاتی کارآفرینان (46)، افزایش شفافیت مالی (42)، تسهیل صدور مجوزها (39) و ایجاد نظام ارزیابی کسب‌وکارهای گردشگری (33) به عنوان پیشران‌های کلیدی شناخته‌شده اند.
نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که گردشگری خلاق پتانسیل ایفای نقش مؤثر در مسیر توسعه کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی را دارد. نتایج تحلیل ساختاری بیانگر آن است که با تقویت همکاری‌های اجتماعی، احیای صنایع‌دستی، کاهش وابستگی به کشاورزی و ایجاد فرصت‌های نوین اقتصادی، نقش مهمی در توسعه کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی دارد. ابعاد فرهنگی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی به‌طور هم‌زمان در پایداری کسب‌وکارهای روستایی مؤثرند. بنابراین، حمایت از فعالیت‌های خلاق، توسعه زیرساخت‌های فرهنگی و تسهیل سیاست‌های نهادی می‌تواند مسیر تحقق توسعه پایدار روستایی مبتنی بر گردشگری خلاق را هموار سازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Key Drivers of the Influence of Creative Tourism on Sustainable Rural Entrepreneurship Development: A Case Study of Damghan County

نویسندگان English

Halimeh Binaieyan
ALiakbar Anabestani
Pegah Moridsadat
Jamileh Tavakolinia
Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Objective: Creative tourism, as an increasingly important component of the broader tourism industry, can contribute substantially to local empowerment, economic diversification, and the creation of new employment opportunities in rural areas. It may also provide a foundation for strengthening sustainable rural entrepreneurship and stimulating linkages with other economic sectors. Accordingly, this study seeks to identify the key factors and driving forces through which creative tourism can contribute to the development of sustainable rural entrepreneurship.
Methods: This applied study adopts a descriptive–analytical design within a futures-studies framework. Data were collected through a combination of documentary and field-based methods. Documentary data were obtained from books, scholarly articles, and relevant official documents, whereas field data were gathered through a structured expert questionnaire. The questionnaire covered five dimensions: socio-cultural, economic, environmental, physical-spatial, and institutional-organizational. The study population consisted of 25 experts and specialists in creative tourism, sustainable entrepreneurship, and rural development. The validity of the instrument was assessed through expert review, and the collected data were analyzed using MICMAC structural analysis to determine the degree of direct and indirect influence and dependence among the identified variables.
Results: The analysis identified 20 key drivers among the 91 factors examined. These drivers included strengthening intergenerational cooperation, raising public awareness of cultural and social values, fostering a sense of local identity and pride, revitalizing traditional arts and handicrafts, reducing economic dependence on agriculture, creating new export opportunities, strengthening local markets, increasing women’s employment, enhancing tourists’ environmental awareness, promoting green businesses, restoring native species, developing sustainable agriculture, establishing nature-based campsites, developing cultural and tourism centers, improving public transportation, creating tourism information centers, establishing an entrepreneur database, increasing financial transparency, facilitating the licensing process, and developing a system for evaluating tourism businesses.
Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that creative tourism has considerable potential to contribute to sustainable rural entrepreneurship. The structural analysis indicates that strengthening social cooperation, revitalizing handicrafts, reducing excessive dependence on agriculture, and creating new economic opportunities are particularly important for fostering sustainable rural enterprise. The simultaneous interaction of cultural, economic, environmental, physical-spatial, and institutional factors suggests that sustainable rural entrepreneurship requires an integrated policy approach. Accordingly, supporting creative activities, developing cultural and tourism infrastructure, and streamlining institutional procedures can facilitate sustainable rural development based on creative tourism.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Futures Studies
Damghan County
Sustainable Entrepreneurship
Creative Tourism
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دوره 15، شماره 56
تابستان 1405
صفحه 23-60

  • تاریخ دریافت 19 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 06 اسفند 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 29 اردیبهشت 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 شهریور 1405