اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی

شناسایی عوامل مؤثر تبیین‌کنندۀ پرورش طیور بومی در میان روستاییان استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران
2 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران
چکیده
هدف: پرورش طیور بومی در روستاها موجب کارآفرینی و اشتغال برای زنان روستائی، تأمین پروتئین مورد نیاز، بهبود درآمد و توسعۀ روستایی پایدار خواهد شد. علی‌رغم فواید طیور بومی، استقبال از این فعالیت روستایی چندان مورد توجه قرار نگرفته‌است. بنابراین شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر پرورش طیور بومی در بین روستائیان استان مازندران می‎تواند زمینه‎های بهبود تمایل روستائیان به انجام این فعالیت بومی را فراهم کند.
روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر، کمّی و توصیفی- پیمایشی است. جامعۀ آماری کل بهره­برداران طیور بومی در استان مازندران به تعداد 64725 نفر هستند. برای انتخاب افراد نمونه از روش نمونه­گیری چندمرحله­ای استفاده شد. 382 نفر از بهره­برداران طیور بومی به­صورت تصادفی به­عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. داده­های مورد نیاز از طریق پرسشنامۀ محقق­ساخته جمع­آوری شد. روایی پرسشنامه با نظرخواهی از کارشناسان و پایایی با محاسبۀ ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد.
یافته‌ها: عوامل فردی- حرفه‎ای و عوامل اجتماعی- محیطی 73 درصد از تغییرات درک مفیدبودن و 36 درصد از تغییرات درک آسانی کاربرد را تبیین می‎کنند. درک مفیدبودن، نگرش، هنجار ذهنی و کنترل رفتاری درک‌شده در مجموع 74 درصد از تغییرات قصد رفتاری و کنترل رفتاری درک‌شده و قصد رفتاری نیز حدود 64 درصد از تغییرات رفتار پرورش طیور بومی را تبیین می‎کنند.
نتیجه‌گیری: جوهرۀ اصلی مدل پیشنهادی در تمایل رفتاری بر بروز رفتار است اما کنترل رفتاری درک‌شده نیز متغیر مهمی است که در کنار قصد رفتاری حتی با شدت بیشتری نیز پرورش طیور بومی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‎دهد. افزایش قدرت ریسک‎پذیری تولیدکنندگان، ارتقای دانش و مهارت تولیدکنندگان، آگاهی‎رسانی عمومی برای مصرف طیور بومی، گسترش تعاونی تولیدکنندگان طیور بومی و عرضۀ وام‎های بانکی کم‎بهره و هدفمند از جمله پیشنهادهای توسعۀ پرورش طیور بومی در استان مازندران است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Identifying the Factors Explaining Indigenous Poultry Farming among Rural Residents in Mazandaran Province

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Ghorbani Piralidehi 1
Somayeh Shirzadi Laskookalayeh 2
Fatemeh Farhadi 1
1 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده English

Objective: Indigenous poultry farming in rural areas can create entrepreneurship and employment opportunities for rural women, contribute to household protein supply, improve income, and support sustainable rural development. Despite these recognized benefits, participation in this rural activity remains relatively limited. Accordingly, identifying the factors influencing indigenous poultry farming among rural residents in Mazandaran Province may help strengthen their willingness to engage in this locally adapted activity.
Methods: This study adopted a quantitative, applied, descriptive-survey research design. The statistical population comprised all indigenous poultry producers in Mazandaran Province, numbering 64,725 individuals. The researchers used a multistage sampling technique to select respondents and randomly selected 382 indigenous poultry producers as the study sample. Data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire. Content validity was assessed through consultation with experts, and the instrument’s reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.
Results: Individual–professional and social–environmental factors explained 73% and 36% of the variance in perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, respectively. Perceived usefulness, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control jointly explained 74% of the variance in behavioral intention. In addition, behavioral intention and perceived behavioral control together explained approximately 64% of the variance in indigenous poultry-farming behavior.
Conclusions: The core explanatory mechanism of the proposed model lies in the effect of behavioral intention on the actual performance of indigenous poultry-farming behavior. Nevertheless, perceived behavioral control also represents a critical determinant and, in combination with behavioral intention, exerts an even stronger influence on the adoption of indigenous poultry farming. Key strategies recommended for developing indigenous poultry farming in Mazandaran Province include enhancing producers’ risk-taking capacity, improving technical knowledge and production skills, raising public awareness of indigenous poultry products, expanding producer cooperatives, and providing targeted low-interest bank loans.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Food Security
Sustainable Rural Development
Rural Women
livelihood Assets
Indigenous Poultry
Abdollahi, A., & Taheri, A. (2020). Partial least squares structural equation modeling using SmartPLS3. ‎Tehran: Savalan Publication. (in Persian)‎
Aghaei, A., Moradi, M. (2021). The role of poultry industry in employment and rural development. The ‎Second National Conference of Industry and Agricultural Commercialization with emphasis on ‎Research and Development in Economic Firms and Related Industries, 12 May 2021, Ahvaz, ‎Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. (in Persian)‎
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood ‎Cliffs, N. J: prentice Hall. Available ‎at:http://books.google.com/books?id=AnNqAAAAMAAJ&sitesec=reviews.‎
Alambeigi, A., Bamedi, M., Faham. E., & Babazadeh, E. (2022). Classification of Effectuation ‎Thinking Level in Entrepreneurship of Local Endemic Poultry Breeders in Sistan and Baluchestan ‎Province Using the Naive Bayes Algorithm. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, ‎‎17 (2), 47-62. (in Persian). ‎
Assefa, H. (2019). The role of poultry for poor livelihoods in Ethiopia. International Journal of ‎Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, 4 (3), 01-04. ‎
Azarbayijani, A. R., & Tavakoli, M. (2022). Handbook of using household food waste and residues in ‎feeding native chickens. Tehran: Agricultural Education Publication, second edition. (in Persian)‎
Bhatia, H., Dhuri, A., Kadam, P., & Patel, U. (2022). A sustainable business model to boost ‎entrepreneurship at rural level. IJRASET. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46728.‎
Bondori, A. A., Savari Mombeni, A., & Savari, M. (2025). Identifying the Influencing Factors on the ‎Intention of Farmers of Baghmalek County to Accept Pressurized Irrigation Systems: Application of ‎Davies' Technology Acceptance Model. Journal of Rural Research, 16 (1), 15-31. (in Persian) ‎http://doi.org/10.22059/jiui.2024.377524.1956‎
Castilho, L. C., De Vleeschouwer, K. M., Milner-Gulland, E. J., & Schiavetti, A. (2018). Attitudes and ‎behaviors of rural residents toward different motivations for hunting and deforestation in protected ‎areas of the northeastern Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Tropical Conservation Science, 11. ‎
Davari, A., & Rezazadeh, A. (2017). Structural equation modeling with PLS. Tehran: Jihad Daneshgahi ‎Publication. (in Persian)‎
Davis, F. D. (1986). Technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information ‎systems theory and results. Ph. D. Thesis. Sloan Scholl of Management, Massachusetts Institute of ‎Technology, Cambridge.‎
Dithmer, J., & Abdulai, A. (2017). Does trade openness contribute to food security? A dynamic panel ‎analysis. Food Policy, 69, 218-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.04.008‎
Eisa zehi, A., & Sharifzadeh, M. (2021). Analysis of the status of sustainable rural livelihood assets in ‎Saravan County. Space Economy and Rural Development, 10 (36), 79-98. (in Persian) ‎
Empidi, A. V. A., & Emang, D. (2021). Understanding public intentions to participate in protection ‎initiatives for forested watershed area using the theory of palnned behavior: a case study of Caeron ‎Highlands in Pahang, Malaysia. Sustainability, 13 (8), 4399. https://doi.org/10.33390/su13084399‎
Gao, S., Yang, X., Long, Y. H., Zhang. F., & Xin, Q. (2023). The sustainable rural industrial ‎development under entrepreneurship and deep learning from digital empowerment. Sustainability, 15 ‎‎(9), 7062-7069. Doi:10.3390/su15097062. ‎
Ghanbari, R., Azizi, Kh., & Gholamrezaei, S. (2020). Psychological factors affecting farmers' intention ‎to diversify agricultural products (Case study: Khorramabad Township). Iranian Journal of ‎Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2-51 (2), 281-293. (in Persian) ‎https://doi.org/10.22059/IJAEDR.2019.256401.668593‎
Ghazali, S., & Zibaei, M. (2018). Factors affecting on the selection of livelihood strategies by nomadic ‎families of Fars province. Agricultural Economy, 11 (4), 63-80. (in Persian) ‎
Hong, S. J., Thong, J. Y. L., & Tam, K. Y. (2006). Understanding continued information technology ‎usage behavior: a comparison of three models in the context of mobile internet. Dscision Support ‎Systems, 42, 1819-1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.03.009‎
Hu, H., Xu, J., & Zhang, X. (2020). The role of housing wealth, financial wealth, and social welfare in ‎elderly households' consumption behaviors in China. Cities, 96, 102437. ‎
Irani, B., Gholizadeh, M., & Hafezian, H. (2025). Studying autosomal and sex-linked additive genetic ‎effects on egg weight in different ages of Mazandaran native chickens. Research on Animal ‎Production, 16(3), 1-12. (in Persian) doi:10.61882/rap.2025.1484‎
Kaur, S., Ratwan, P., Kumar, M., & Singh, A. (2024). Overview of performance and genetic parameters ‎of economic traits in Indian native chicken breeds. World,s Poultry Science Journal, 80 (2), 547-563. ‎https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2024.2309528‎
Keshavarz, M. (2021). Analysis of the status of food security and food waste in rural households under ‎drought conditions (Case: Kharameh County). Journal of Space Economy and Rural Development, 9 ‎‎(4), 83-106. (in Persian)‎
Khanzadi, A., Sharif Karimi, M., & Shokri, N. (2018). Evaluation of Food Security with an Emphasis ‎on FSI Indicator in Kermanshah Province. Journal of Agricultural Economics & Development, 32 (1), ‎‎69-82. (in Persian) https://doi.org/10.22067/jead2.v32i1.68939‎
Lee, S., & Kim, B. G. (2009). Factors affecting the usage of intranet: a confimatory study. Computers in ‎Human Behavior, 25 (1), 191-201. Doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2008.08.007‎
Mazandaran Province Agricultural Jihad Organization (2023). Report on the number of poultry farmers ‎at the provincial level. Available in the archives of Mazandaran Province Agricultural Jihad ‎Organization. (in Persian)‎
Meena, K. C., Singh, B., & Shivhare, M. K. (2012). Nutritional and security through backyard poultry ‎for small and landless labors. Current Opinion in Agriculture, 1 (1), 24- 26. ‎
Mohammadpour, A., Shorideh, A. R., Khansari, L., & Diyanat, S. R. (2012). Principles of breeding and ‎keeping native chickens in the village. Mashhad: Publications of the Khorasan Razavi Agricultural ‎Jihad Organization, Deputy for Improving Livestock Production and the Directorate for management ‎of Agricultural Extension. (in Persian)‎
Mohammadi, Y., & Avatefi Akmal, F. (2025). Meta-analysis of the role of microenterprises in ‎empowering rural women. Space Economy and Rural Development, 14 (52), 63-82. (in Persian) ‎http://doi.org/10.61882/serd.14.52.3‎
Negahdari, D., Poursaeed, A. R., Eshraghi Samani, R., Arayesh, M. B., & Naseri, B. (2023). The ‎application of planned behavior theory in explaining environmental behavior of villagers of Ilam ‎province in protection of oak forests in South Zagros. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and ‎Development Research, 2-54 (4), 809-831. (in Persian) ‎https://doi.org/10.22059/ijaedr.2023.350774.669189‎
Padhi, M. K. (2016). Importance of indigenous breeds of chicken for rural economy and their ‎improvements for higher production performance. Scientifica: 2604685. doi: 10.1155/2016/2604685. ‎
Parvar, F., & Khorshid, S. (2024). Designing the model of divers for the developmnt of agricultural ‎tourism with a sustainable development approach (case study: villages of Durood county, Lorestan ‎province). Village and Space Sustainable Development, 5 (3), 78-103. (in Persian) ‎Doi:10.22077.vssd.2024.6708.1203‎
Pino, G., Toma, P., Rizzo, C., Miglietta, P. P., Peluso, A. M., & Guido, G. (2017). Determinants of ‎farmers, intention to adopt water saving measures: evidence from Italy. Sustainability, 9 (1), 2-14. ‎https://doi.org/10.3390/su9010077‎
Popa, B., Nita, M. D., & Halalisan, A. F. (2019). Intentions to engage in forest law enforcement in ‎Romania: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Forest Policy and Economics, 100, 33-43. ‎
Rachman, M. P., Bamidele, O., Dessie, T., Smith, J., Hanotte, O., & Gheyas, A. A. (2024). Genomic ‎analysis of Nigerian indigenous chikens reveals their genetic diversity and adoptational to heat-‎stress. Scientific Reports, 14 (1), 2209. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52569-4.‎
Razmi, H., Shams, A. (2019). Identifying and explaining the role of local family poultry in the ‎livelihoods of rural households in Maragheh township. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education ‎Journal, 14 (2), 65-81. (in Persian) ‎
Salahi Esfahani, G. (2018). Agricultural tourism survey focused on rural sustainable development Case ‎Study: Pomegranate village of Qardin – Saveh. Geographical Journal of Tourism Space, 7 (27), 87-‎‎97. (in Persian) Doi: 20.1001.1.22518827.1397.7.27.6.7‎
Shih, Y. Y. (2007). The study of customer attitude towards internet banking based on the theory of ‎planned behavior. Available at:www.ibacvet.org/bai.‎
Smith, P. (2013). Delivering food security without increasing pressure on land. Global Food Security, 2, ‎‎18- 23. ‎
Taylor, S., &Todd. A. (1995). Understanding Information Technology Usage: A Test of Competing ‎Models. Journal of Information System Research, 6 (2), 144-176. ‎
Wong, L. T., De Bruyn, J., Bagnol, B., Grrieve, H., Li, M., Pym, R., & Alders, R. G. (2017). Small-‎scale poultry and food security in resource-poor setting: a review. Global Food Security, 15, 43-52. ‎https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2017.04.003‎
Yadavar, H., Nami, M., & Zarifiyan, Sh. (2018). Applying the Analysis of Planned Behavior Theory on ‎Adoption of Organic Farming. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 28 (1), ‎‎169-183. (in Persian)‎
Zare Shamsabadi, A., Falaki, M., & Bakhshi, M. R. (2024). Investigating the effects of home business ‎on the economic and social status of rural households. Journal of Village and Space Sustainable ‎Development, 5 (3), 131-151. (in Persian) Doi: 10.22077/VSSD.2024.7055.1219‎
دوره 15، شماره 56
تابستان 1405
صفحه 177-200

  • تاریخ دریافت 13 بهمن 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 18 اردیبهشت 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 29 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 شهریور 1405