SPACE ECONOMY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT
اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی
Literature & Humanities
http://serd.khu.ac.ir
1
admin
2322-2131
2588-476X
8
doi
14
4444
13
fa
jalali
1400
5
1
gregorian
2021
8
1
10
36
online
1
fulltext
other
اثربخشی کارآفرینی بر مؤلفه های اقتصادی روستاهای مقصد گردشگری مورد: بخش الموت قزوین
An Analysis of Entrepreneurship Impacts in Rural Tourism Destinations Case Study of Tourist Villages in Alamout district, Qazvin province
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کارآفرینی یکی از رویکردهای توسعه مناطق روستایی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در ابعاد مختلف اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیستمحیطی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">است</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> و نقش مهمی بهعنوان یک راهبرد در بخش گردشگری دارد. فعالیتهای کارآفرینی میتواند تأثیرات مهمی در بخشهای مختلف نواحی روستایی و مقصدهای گردشگری روستایی داشته و تغییر و تحولات مهمی در این مقصدها ایجاد نماید. بخش الموت شهرستان قزوین با داشتن منابع و توان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">های گردشگری روستایی همراه با ظرفیتهای گردشگری بومگردی و فرهنگی، یکی از مناطقی است که در یک دهه گذشته با رشد گردشگری و فعالیتهای کارآفرینی همراه بوده است. هدف اصلی پژوهش، سنجش میزان و دامنه تأثیرات و پیامدهای برنامههای کارآفرینی بر تغییر و تحولات مقصدهای گردشگری روستایی در ابعاد مختلف است. این تحقیق از نوع کاربردی و ازنظر ماهیت دادهها، یک پژوهش ترکیبی کمی- کیفی است. برای این منظور ابتدا از طریق مجموعه مطالعات کتابخانهای و میدانی، فعالیتهای کارآفرینی انجامشده در یک دهه گذشته شناساییشده و سپس تغییرات مقصدهای گردشگری روستایی در چهار بعد اقتصادی، مدیریتی- انسانی، اجتماعی- فرهنگی و کالبدی-فیزیکی مشخص شد. جامعه آماری اصلی پژوهش، گروه کارشناسان شامل دهیار و شوراهای مقصدهای گردشگری روستایی، محققان و پژوهشگران آشنا با منطقه و صاحبان کسبوکارهای گردشگری بودند که با توجه به محدود بودن تعداد آنها، کلیه این جامعه که 30 کارشناس مسلط بودند، </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در نظر گرفته</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> شد. همچنین مردم محلی نیز بهعنوان جامعه آماری مکمل بهصورت کیفی و شیوه اشباع نظری جهت تکمیل اطلاعات بررسی شد. تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها نیز با استفاده از شاخصها و آزمونها و تحلیلهای آماری در کنار تحلیلهای کیفی انجامشده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان میدهد فعالیتهای کارآفرینی دارای تنوع مطلوبی است و میتواند بر کلیه بخشهای مقصدهای روستایی تأثیرگذار باشد و ابعاد مختلف را پوشش دهد</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">.</span></span><strong><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> با این وجود سطح تأثیرات و پیامدهای کارآفرینی بر تغییرات مقصد عمدتاً در سطح متوسط رو به بالا بوده و میزان تأثیرپذیری مقصدها از برنامههای کارآفرینی، نسبی است. </span></span></strong></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"><strong>Introduction</strong><br>
Entrepreneurship is one of the development approaches of rural areas in various dimensions including economic, social and environmental. It also plays an important role as a leading strategy in the tourism sector. Entrepreneurial programs and activities can have important effects on the dimensions, indicators and different sectors of rural areas and rural tourism destinations resulting in important changes and developments in these destinations. Alamut district situated within Qazvin city, having its rural tourism resources and capabilities along with ecotourism and cultural tourism capacities, is one of the areas that has been associated with tourism growth and entrepreneurial activities in the past decade. The main purpose of this study is to assess the extent and scope of the effects and consequences of entrepreneurship programs on the changes and developments of rural tourism destinations within different dimensions.<br>
<br>
<strong>Methodology</strong><br>
This research is of applied type and in terms of the nature of data, it is a quantitative-qualitative combined research. For this purpose, first through a series of library and field studies, the set of entrepreneurial activities carried out in the past decade was identified and then the dimensions and indicators of rural tourism destinations in four dimensions of economic, managerial-human, socio-cultural and physical-spatial were identified. The main statistical population of the study was the group of experts including village councils and rural tourism researchers and scholars familiar with the region and the tourism businesses owners. Local people were also examined as a complementary statistical population in terms of quality and theoretical saturation method to complete the information. Data analysis was performed using indicators and statistical analysis alongside with qualitative analysis.<br>
<br>
<strong>Discussion</strong><strong> and</strong><strong> Conclusion</strong><br>
The results show limited effects of entrepreneurship on the economic indicators of villages. Entrepreneurship has not been able to have significant effects on any economic indicators and the main effects are moderate and sometimes upward. Also in the socio-cultural dimension, entrepreneurial activities have not been able to make significant changes in the villages of Alamut, and these changes, which have been mainly positive, are limited. Entrepreneurial activities have a relative and moderate impact on the growth of the number of creative people and indigenous or non-indigenous entrepreneurs in rural areas, and to some extent have provided the ground for officials to communicate with entrepreneurs. In the physical-spatial dimension, the effects of entrepreneurship have been positive and negative. The average effects of entrepreneurship on the physical-spatial dimension are at a moderate and relative level. Entrepreneurship has had very little impact only on the level of protection of natural resources, but has had relative effects on the development of rural infrastructure and the level of infrastructure. However, the type of effects in this section is positive and negative. In the study of villages from the perspective of variability of entrepreneurship, Gazerkhan village, Garmarud and Evan village are in the first priority of change. Evan village has faced relative economic and physical-spatial changes due to the existence of Lake Evan and constructions, services and recreational complexes, and the structure of the village as well as the culture of the people and their social relations have been accompanied by changes. In other villages, the effects of entrepreneurship are small and limited, and in fact, entrepreneurship has not been able to make significant changes in these villages.<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
In generally, the results show that the level of effects and consequences of entrepreneurship on destination changes is mainly at a moderate to high level while the degree of influence of destinations from entrepreneurship programs is relative. In general, the necessary planning should be done to manage the destination in order to prevent potential threats in order to reach the optimal level of development. Although entrepreneurship has caused relative and moderate changes in various dimensions in the tourist villages of Alamut, but these cases do not mean a great change in Alamut tourism and the changes have been very slow and gradual and it cannot be said that there is no particular change in rural tourism has been created. However, although the effects are limited and cannot be considered a change, but since the changes in destinations have been evident over the years, so it can be used as a strategy and program to change tourism in rural destinations in Alamut. Another noteworthy point is that the effects of entrepreneurship on all dimensions are the same and equal, which indicates that the level of entrepreneurial activities due to its limited scope, has not had much difference on different dimensions<span dir="RTL">.</span></span></div>
کارآفرینی, اقتصاد روستایی, گردشگری روستایی, سکونتگاه های روستایی, بخش الموت قزوین
Entrepreneurship, tourist destination, rural tourism, Alamut district of Qazvin
137
162
http://serd.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-301&slc_lang=other&sid=1
Ali
Movahed
علی
موحد
Movahed@khu.ac.ir
10031947532846005406
10031947532846005406
Yes
Associated prof. Of department of geography and tourism planning, Kharazmi university, Tehran, Iran
دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
Moslem
Ghasemi
مسلم
قاسمی
10031947532846005407
10031947532846005407
No
Assistant prof. Of department of geography and tourism planning, Kharazmi university, Tehran, Iran
استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
Leila
Oroji
لیلا
اروجی
10031947532846005408
10031947532846005408
No
MA. Student of geography and rural planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران