SPACE ECONOMY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT

other عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه پایدار صنعت دامپروری در مناطق روستایی شمال استان کرمان Factors Influencing the Sustainable Livestock Industry Development in Northern Rural Areas of Kerman Province تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align:justify">دامپروری و دامداری به‌عنوان یک بخش اقتصادی، یکی از پررونق‌ترین فعالیت‌های تولیدی است. در حال حاضر استان کرمان از نظر تولید گوشت قرمز، تخم مرغ و عسل جایگاه سیزدهم، از نظر تولید شیر خام جایگاه هفدهم و از لحاظ تولید گوشت مرغ رتبه هجدهم را در بین استان‌های کشور به‌خود اختصاص داده و 40 درصد اشتغال استان در بخش دامداری و دامپروری است. مطالعه حاضر، در راستای بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه پایدار صنعت دامپروری شمال استان کرمان طراحی و اجرا شده است. این تحقیق، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از لحاظ ماهیت، توصیفی-تحلیلی است. نتایج مطالعه که با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی به‌دست آمد نشان داد که از نظر کارشناسان، میزان موفقیت اهداف کمی و کیفی برنامه‌های قبلی دام سنگین، بیشترین تأثیر در شاخص تعیین چشم‌انداز، اهداف و راهبردهای کلان صنعت در اسناد بالادستی، میزان موفقیت فرآیندهای تأمین نهاده‌ها قبل از تولید، بیشترین تأثیر در شاخص موفقیت فرآیند و چرخه‌های تأمین نهاده‌ها و فروش محصولات دامی، افزایش سطح درآمد حاصل از فعالیت دامپروری، بیشترین تأثیر در تعیین شاخص چشم‌انداز، اهداف و راهبردهای توسعه پایدار صنعت، تسهیل‌گری سازمان جهاد کشاورزی، مؤثرترین متغیر برای ارتقاء ظرفیت فعالیت‌های اقتصادی موجودِ صنعت، برنامه‌های مبتنی بر افزایش تولید و بهره‌وری فعالیت‌های موجود، بیشترین تأثیر در برنامه‌های توسعه پایدار صنعت دامپروری، تقویت نگرش کارآفرینی بین دستگاه‌های اجرایی، بیشترین تأثیر بر شاخص ساز و کارهای مؤثر در توسعه پایدار صنعت دامپروری و شناسایی و جذب منابع انسانی مستعد موجود در صنعت دامپروری برای اجرای طرح‌ها، به‌لحاظ تأثیر بر شاخص ملاحظات و الزامات اجتماعی و نهادی جهت اجرای طرح‌ها، اولویت اول را دارا بودند. نتایج این مطالعه می‌تواند به‌عنوان راهنما و نقشه راه در سیاست‌های توسعه، برنامه‌ها، پروژه‌ها و مطالعات آینده مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;">Introduction Providing qualified, healthy and enough food for the population of the country has always been a fundamental issue for government officials and experts. At the same time, the economic growth of the society, the raise of consumption of livestock products in the household and the growth of the population have increased the demand for these products. Given these, conducting new scientific research for sustainable development of animal husbandry and promotion of livestock production is one of the inevitable strategies. Kerman Province has a dry/arid climate, but due to its large rangelands, it is one of the traditional nomadic places for rural livestock activities in the country. Because of unbalanced distribution, some areas of Kerman Province have a good ability to produce livestock, especially in rural and nomadic areas, which has a large share in supplying meat and dairy products needed for local people and even exported to neighboring places.  At present, the north of Kerman province is ranked the 13th red meat, egg and honey producer, the 17th milk producer and the 18th chicken meat producer. The amount of animal husbandry employment in this province is 40%. A small amount of studies in Iran investigated structural and institutional factors influencing the sustainable development of the livestock industry. This is a common issue for other countries too.  Studies have been mostly on the factors on sustainable development of other sectors such as tourism, sustainable rural development, etc. Methodology According to the purpose, nature and method, this study is considered as an applied and descriptive-analytical research, respectively. The statistical population consisted of three groups: experts of the deputy for livestock in Agricultural Jahad Organization of Kerman Province, experts of the Animal Sciences Research Department of the Kerman Agricultural Research Center, and some representatives of private sector organizations. 20 individuals were selecetd from these groups.  The data collection tool was a questionnaire including 70 close questions. This questionnaire was divided in 7 domains (indicators): vision, objectives and macro strategies in policy (4 items), process and cycles of input supply and sales of livestock products (4 items), vision, objective and strategies for sustainable development of livestock industry (12 items), upgrading the capacity of existing economic activities in the livestock industry (18 items), sustainable development programs in the livestock industry (10 items), effective mechanisms in sustainable development of the livestock industry (13 items), social and institutional  requirements for implementation of development projects (7 items).  Discussion and conclusion The results of the study obtained using descriptive and inferential statistics showed that for the vision, objectives and macro strategies in policy for Kerman Province in the official documents (before the Sixth National Development Plan and after two-year implementation of the Plan), the most successful livestock was first the heavy livestock and then the poultry. Light livestock and aquatic animals are the next prospering livestock before the Sixth National Development Plan. However, the performance of the two-year implementation of the Sixth Plan has been less successful than the previous plans, so this need to be addressed in planning and policy making. Regarding the process and cycles of input supply and sales of livestock products, experts believe that supplying the inputs (fodder and concentrate, chickens, genes, vaccines, medicine, etc.) before production, and then services and supply during production, such as veterinary and health services, technical guidance to production units are the most effective measures. On the other hand, marketing procedure and products supply to the final consumer as well as the collection, processing and processing of livestock products are less important. Therefore, the problems of providing inputs and fodder and services should be a priority for the relevant organizations. One of the most effective indicators of sustainable development of the livestock industry in the north of Kerman Province is the income enhancement. Consequently, any policy for sustainable development of the livestock industry should first increase the income for the ranchers. The experts also believe that the facilitation of the Agriculture Jahad Organization is the most effective action for enhancing the capacity of economic activities in the livestock industry. The facilitator enables the group or organization to operate more effectively, increase collaboration, and create cooperation. The facilitator also encourages individuals to participate, understand each other, and collectively do tasks. Among the current programs for sustainable development of the livestock industry in the north of Kerman Province, increasing production and productivity is of the highest importance from the experts' point of view. Improving the entrepreneurial attitude and identifying human resources in the livestock industry to implement projects are the other variables that can pave the way for improving and promoting the sustainable development of the rural livestock industry in the north of Kerman Province.</div> اقتصاد روستایی, اقتصاد دام, توسعه پایدار, دامپروری, توسعه روستایی, کرمان Rural Economy, Livestock Economy, Sustainable Development, Animal Husbandry, Rural Development, Kerman. 97 112 http://serd.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-312&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Mahdiyeh Saei مهدیه ساعی mahdiyeh.saei@gmail.com 10031947532846005601 10031947532846005601 Yes Assistant Professor of Economic Social and Agricultural Extension Research, Natural Resources and Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization of Kerman Province, Kerman, Iran استادیار بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران Pirooz Shakeri پیروز شاکری 10031947532846005602 10031947532846005602 No Research Associate, Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Research, Animal Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran دانشیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات تغذیه و فیزیولوژی دام، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی، کرج، ایران Asghar Salehi اصغر صالحی 10031947532846005603 10031947532846005603 No Assistant Professor of Economic Social and Agricultural Extension Research, Natural Resources and Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization of Kerman Province, Kerman, Iran استادیار بخش تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Sefatolah Rahmani صفت الله رحمانی 10031947532846005604 10031947532846005604 No Assistant Professor, Department of Economic Social and Extension Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran استادیار پژوهش، گروه تحقیقات اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ترویجی، دفتر امور اقتصادی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران