SPACE ECONOMY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT
اقتصاد فضا و توسعه روستایی
Literature & Humanities
http://serd.khu.ac.ir
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jalali
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gregorian
2022
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نقش سرمایه اجتماعی بر توسعه پایدار اقتصادی در نواحی روستایی شهرستان سیرجان
The role of social capital on sustainable economic development in the rural areas of Sirjan
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="">سرمایه اجتماعی به عنوان مکمل سایر صورتهای سرمایه، یکی از پیشنیازهای مهم دستیابی به توسعه پایدار به خصوص در جوامع روستایی است. توسعه و پیشرفت در روستاها مستلزم گسترش اعتماد، مشارکت و ارتباطات و انسجام در بین کشاورزان است. در این مطالعه به دلیل نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در تسهیل و تسریع توسعه پایدار، در ابتدا ابعاد مختلف سرمایه اجتماعی و توسعه پایدار با استفاده از گویههای مختلف در طیف 5 گزینهای لیکرت ارزشگذاری شدند. اطلاعات مورد نیاز با استفاده از پرسشنامهای که روایی و پایایی آن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت، در بین نمونهای از کشاورزان ساکن در روستاهای شمال شهرستان سیرجان جمعآوری شدند. پس از محاسبه شاخص سرمایه اجتماعی و شاخص توسعه پایدار، با استفاده از روش رگرسیونهای به ظاهر نامرتبط، تأثیر سرمایه اجتماعی در کنار ویژگیهای حرفهای-اجتماعی روستاییان بر ابعاد مختلف پایداری بررسی شدند. بر طبق نتایج تحقیق شاخص سرمایه اجتماعی 57/0 و ابعاد اقتصادی، اجتماعی، زیستمحیطی و نهادی توسعه پایدار به ترتیب 44/0، 51/0، 49/0 و 40/0 بهدست آمدند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد متغیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر هر چهار بعد پایداری تأثیر مثبتی دارد، اما تأثیر آن بر پایداری نهادی به لحاظ آماری معنیدار نمیباشد. از آنجایی که سرمایه اجتماعی محاسبه شده در بین کشاورزان در سطح بالایی نمیباشد،</span></b><b><span b="" lang="FA" nazanin=""> اما سبب بهبود پایداری میشود، لازم است</span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin=""> با دقت در اجزای تشکیلدهنده ابعاد گوناگون سرمایه اجتماعی و برنامهریزی صحیح جهت ارتقای آن و رفع نواقص موجود سطوح بالاتری از پایداری را به دست آورد و زندگی با کیفیت و توأم با رفاه بالاتری را برای کشاورزان به ارمغان آورد و جلوی مهاجرت آنان به شهرها را گرفت. </span></b></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Introduction</strong><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Pressure on production resources and the environment is getting higher due to increased population and the need for food, especially in developing countries. Thus, the preservation of natural resources and proper allocation of inputs must be considered in production. Sustainable agriculture suggests a framework for human needs without harming the environment and the proper and optimal use of natural resources while taking into account the rights of future generations. Achieving sustainable agricultural development is possible only if productive factors such as labor and social capital are regarded alongside physical capital. Social capital, a complement to other forms of capital, is a prerequisite for achieving sustainable development, especially in rural communities. Development in rural areas requires the expansion of trust, participation and communication and cohesion among farmers. Social capital is a factor that compensates for the deficiency of other capital inputs and binds other inputs like glue. This study investigated social capital and its role in facilitating and accelerating sustainable development in the villages of the north of Sirjan County. </span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong> Methodology</strong><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">This study first evaluated the different dimensions of social capital and sustainable development using different items with the Likert scale. The required data were collected using a questionnaire that validity and reliability were examined among a sample of 195 farmers living in the northern villages of Sirjan County. After calculating the social capital indicator and sustainable development indicator, we investigated the effect of social capital on various dimensions of sustainable agriculture using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression Equations (SURE). </span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><strong>Discussion and conclusion</strong><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">According to the results of the research, the social capital indicator was calculated at 0.57 on average, and in terms of dimensions, trust is 0.55, participation and social relations is 0.58 and norms, and social cohesion is 0.60. The economic, social, environmental and institutional dimensions of sustainable development were determined to be 0.44, 0.51, 0.49 and 0.40, respectively.<em> </em>The amount of economic and institutional dimensions is below average, which shows the instability of most of these dimensions among farmers. The other two dimensions are in the middle level. The results of seemingly unrelated regression equations showed that the variables of farmer age, years of experience in agriculture, net income of agriculture, social capital, participation in training courses and type of irrigation system have a positive and statistically significant effect on the economic dimension of sustainable agriculture. Variables of education level, membership in agricultural cooperatives, participation in training classes and social capital have a positive and significant effect on social sustainability, and the variables of type of irrigation system, social capital, net income and education have a significant positive effect on environmental sustainability. In addition, the results showed that farmers with higher education and those who are members of agricultural cooperatives feel more institutionally stable, and these variables have a positive effect on promoting institutional sustainability.</span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Low efficiency and productivity, the staggering cost of inputs, have left no income for them and have led to poor quality and welfare life for them. This has caused farmer dissatisfaction and has led young people to migrate to cities and work in industrial sectors. As it was observed, the variable of social capital has a positive effect on all four dimensions of stability, but its effect on institutional stability is not statistically significant.</span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">Since the calculated social capital is not at a high level among farmers, besides its significance in sustainability, it is necessary to pay attention to proper planning to improve different dimensions of social capital and eliminate the existing shortcomings to achieve higher levels of sustainability. Effective training courses in rural areas are really important due to the lack of transportation facilities in farmers' living regions. In addition, the presence of skilled professionals and experts will increase the trust in the training among farmers. Creating suitable living facilities and equitable distribution of facilities in villages, improving infrastructure, and access of farmers' children to quality schools. The life expectancy and desire of farmers, especially young people, to stay in the villages will be increased when donors and rich farmers participate in improving living conditions in rural areas. </span></span></span><br>
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اقتصاد روستایی, توسعه پایدار روستایی, توسعه اقتصادی, سرمایه اجتماعی, سیرجان.
Rural economy, sustainable rural development, economic development, social capital, Sirjan.
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http://serd.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-355&slc_lang=other&sid=1
Jaleh
Koorkinejad
ژاله
کورکی نژاد
korkinejad@pnu.ac.ir
10031947532846006115
10031947532846006115
Yes
Assistant Prof. department of agricultural policy and development, faculty of agricultural science, Payam e Noor university.Kerman, Iran
استادیار سیاست و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، کرمان، ایران.